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Dispatches from Mexico
John Gibler, a Global Exchange human rights fellow, has been reporting on events in Mexico since January 2006. His writings cover the presidential election controversy, the Zapatistas' "Other Campaign," and the ongoing people's rebellion in Oaxaca.

January 23, 2008
In These Times
   Counterinsurgency in Chiapas -- Around 3 p.m. on Jan. 2, nine shots were fired into the air. The perpetrators withdrew, leaving behind a button-down shirt with the cuffs tied to two lone trees in the cornfield. Machetes had hacked the shirt and cut a thick cross into one of the tree trunks at chest height. A bullet case was embedded at the center of the cross.
 
October 31, 2007
LeftTurn
    Mexico's “Democratic” Transition: Impunity and Counterinsurgency -- Almost a year after President Felipe Calderon took office, “democracy” in Mexico continues its study of the theater of the absurd. As Calderon gives speeches on the rule of law, police and soldiers attack social movements, drug-trafficking gangsters murder with impunity killing 1,951 people since January, and femicides continue in Ciudad Juarez and spread to other states.
 
June 19, 2007
In These Times
   Militarizing Mexico’s Drug War -- Seven months ago, President Felipe Calderón of the conservative National Action Party took office and declared war on drug traffickers, ordering 20,000 troops into the streets to put an end to drug-cartel related murders. Despite the troops, the number of drug-related murders has tripled and the army’s massive deployment has yielded tales of widespread human rights violations, like that of Sara.
 
May 31, 2007
The Herald Mexico, El Universal
   Villagers allege abuses by Army -- It was a hot, slow Tuesday, and a gang of presumed drug traffickers was driving down the only paved road in the tiny town of Carácuaro, Michoacán, when a group of soldiers dressed in civilian clothes apparently backed into their truck, igniting a 20-minute gun battle.
 
March 01, 2007
YES! Magazine Spring 2007 Issue: Is the U.S. Ready for Human Rights?
   In Oaxaca, Women Rise -- Putting their personal lives on hold, women in the Mexican state of Oaxaca helped shut down the government, took over a TV station, and stood up to police violence.
 
January 04, 2007
Special to The Herald Mexico/El Universal
   Covering their faces in order to be seen -- They had to cover their faces to be seen. This was the explanation for why thousands of indigenous rebels continued to wear black ski masks long after the gun battles stopped and talks with the government began 13 years ago. And the same remains true today.
 
December 27, 2006
In These Times
   Street Battles in Oaxaca -- At 8 a.m. on November 2, police came to remove the last barricade. After clearing away the rubble and city buses used to block the major Cinco Señores intersection, several hundred riot police and special forces from the Federal Preventive Police (PFP) took positions along University Avenue on either side of the Autonomous State University of Oaxaca.
 
December 21, 2006
New Politics
   Oaxaca Uprising -- The Oaxaca Uprising began as a annual, peaceful teachers strike and exploded into an unarmed uprising after Governor Ulises Ruiz Oritz refused to dialogue with the teachers, instead sending in 1,000 riot police to violently lift the their protest camp in Oaxaca City’s town square, or Zócalo.
 
December 18, 2006
Special to The Herald Mexico/El Universal
   Women March Against Ruiz -- Over 2,000 women marched through Oaxaca City on Sunday calling for Gov. Ulises Ruiz´s ouster and the immediate release of the more than 200 members of the Oaxaca People´s Assembly (APPO) detained since the street battles on Nov. 25
 
December 13, 2006
Indypendent
   Ready To Fight. -- On Dec. 1 one president – appointed by a stacked electoral tribunal – slipped into the Mexican Congress through the back door for a four-minute inauguration ceremony held on a dais occupied by the conservative National Action Party (PAN) and suited Secret Service agents, while a second president – self-appointed in a massive rally in Mexico City – led a tame protest march to a prepackaged stage and sound system waiting in front of the police barricade half a mile away from the march’s proclaimed destination.
 
November 30, 2006
El Universal/Special to The Herald Mexico
   Rights activist held in Oaxaca prison, alleges false arrest -- Alberto Cilia Ocampo, a thin 21-year-old university student and regional chess champion from Mexico City, came to Oaxaca to document cases of forced disappearances and other human rights violations on Monday
 
November 27, 2006
Special to The Herald Mexico
   Oaxaca: 150 arrested, dozens injured -- A shaken city took stock of its burned out center on Sunday, a day after an intense clash between demonstrators and federal police more than a hundred arrested and at least dozens injured.
 
November 26, 2006
El Universal
   APPO protest deteriorates into violence -- The Oaxaca People´s Assembly´s planned 48-hour siege of federal police forces stationed in the main plaza of this state capital turned ugly Saturday afternoon and clashes continued into the night
 
November 21, 2006
El Universal
   Demonstrators clash with police in Oaxaca´s center -- Federal police and protesters clashed in central Oaxaca City on Monday, leaving three injured and dozens more affected by tear gas
 
November 20, 2006
El Universal
   APPO supporters endure torture -- Rene Trujillo Martínez, a thin 25-year-old lawyer and volunteer radio announcer with the Oaxaca People´s Assembly (APPO), holds the uncomfortable distinction of having survived a disappearance
 
November 03, 2006
El Universal/The Herald
   Protesters clash with PFP -- OAXACA CITY - The disparities were enormous. At 10 a.m., several hundred fully equipped riot and special operations officers from the Federal Preventative Police (PFP) supported by armored riot tanks and military helicopters flying overhead stood face-to-face with a small crowd of university students and local residents with nothing in their hands.
 
November 02, 2006
El Universal/The Herald
   Oaxaca residents build altars to honor victims -- Domitila Mendoza moved aside limes, oranges and bananas to clear a place for her bowl of chicken in mole sauce. The afternoon light had begun to soften, bringing out the colors of the flowers, fruit, and candles all placed on the sidewalk
 
November 01, 2006
In These Times
   Barricade Nights in Oaxaca -- Every night since late August, protesters with the Popular Assembly of the People of Oaxaca (APPO) build and stand guard over a thousand barricades throughout the city—a mass, decentralized effort to thwart the ever-rumored crackdown by federal police. Around piles of burning wood in the center of the blockaded intersections, middle aged men and women talk in low voices, watching for approaching vehicles. College-aged youths, their faces covered with bandanas and shawls, fill shopping carts with Molotov cocktails.
 
November 01, 2006
In these Times
   Oaxaca in Crisis -- It appeared as if the conflict in Oaxaca would come to an anti-climactic end. After a week of heated internal debate, on Thursday, Oct. 26, the Oaxaca local Section 22 of the National Union of Education Workers voted to end their five-month strike and return to classes the following Monday.
 
November 01, 2006
The Indypendent
   Waiting for Oaxaca’s Death Squads -- John Gibler began covering massive anti-government protests in the impoverished Mexican state of Oaxaca earlier this summer. As the movement grew, paramilitary death squads linked to embattled Gov. Ulisses Ruiz Ortiz began “softening up” protester barricades with the kind of hit-and-run attacks that would later claim the life of NYC Indymedia journalist Brad Will. In an eerily prophetic dispatch submitted to The Indypendent one day before Will’s murder, Gibler recounts an earlier experience he had with the perils and uncertainty of trying to cover the violent no-man’s land that Oaxaca’s capitol city had become.
 
October 31, 2006
Left Turn No. 22
   Mexican Elections 2006 -- This is post-electoral Mexico 2006, where seven weeks after the July 2 elections people still do not know who their next president will be. The Federal Electoral Institute (IFE), after conducting a vote count that could have been performed on a Vegas stage by David Copperfield, called right-wing Felipe Calderon of the National Action Party (PAN) the winner by half a percentage point. Within days, Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, the center-left candidate of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) called hundreds of thousands of supporters into the streets all decrying fraud and demanding a vote-by-vote recount. The PRD formally challenged the IFE’s results before the highest electoral authority in the country, the Federal Electoral Tribunal charging mass manipulation of the vote tally that led to shaving off votes for Lopez Obrador while piling on extras for Calderon.
 
October 31, 2006
The Herald/El Universal
   Government, APPO now battling for public opinion -- OAXACA - Standing on an old van surrounded by thousands of protesters in front of the Santo Domingo Cathedral, Florentino López from the provisional leadership of the Oaxaca People´s Popular Assembly (APPO) proclaimed a kind of victory.
 
October 30, 2006
The Herald/El Universal
   Oaxaca lives day of unrest -- On one side, federal riot police formed a barricade with their shields. Behind them, riot tanks with mounted water and pepper spray cannons waited with their motors running. Facing them, women linked arms, holding white flowers, Mexican flags, and images of the Virgin of Guadalupe. “A woman’s fist, raised against power,” they shouted in unison, standing only a few feet from the police.
 
October 19, 2006
El Universal/Special to The Herald Mexico
   APPO acts earn mixed reactions -- At noon on Wednesday, about 80 men and women belonging to the Oaxaca People´s Assembly (APPO) huddled in Oaxaca City´s Zócalo. Armed with sticks, homemade rocket launchers, slingshots, and iron rods, they listened intently to one of the group´s provisional leaders, who urged them to stay calm and "resist provocation."
 
October 19, 2006
Toward Freedom
   From Chiapas to the Zócalo: Popular Uprisings in Mexico -- Jose Santiago sits in front of the radio station’s guarded door with a box of bread rolls in his lap. To his left, soda crates filled with Molotov cocktails line the wall. To his right two women with a club stretched between them block the door. A 62 year-old elementary school principal in Oaxaca City, Santiago was supposed to retire this year, but when state police brutally repressed a teachers’ strike on June 14, sparking an unprecedented civil uprising from all sectors of society, he thought, "I’d rather jump in." "I’m ready," he says as he waits to deliver his donation of bread rolls to the teachers camping out behind the barricades that protect the occupied radio station, "even if the army comes in."
 
October 16, 2006
Special to The Herald Mexico/El Universal
   APPO Protesters Confront the Media -- Recent takeovers of radio stations have pitted protesters against the media, with the demonstrators saying the measure is necessary to get their message out to the state.
 
October 15, 2006
Global Exchange/ZNET
   Paramilitary Attacks Continue in Oaxaca -- In the past week, gunmen have killed one and wounded four protesters from the Popular Assembly of the People of Oaxaca (APPO). The recent killings heightened tensions as the conflict again enters into a critical moment with the Minister of the Interior threatening to withdraw the federal government’s settlement offer if teachers do not end their strike by Monday, October 16.
 
October 07, 2006
The Herald Mexico/El Universal

   Indigenous teachers defend 'a just cause' -- OAXACA CITY - Every night streets here become battlefields in waiting. But behind the commandeered city buses, burned trucks, and coils of barbed wire, a group of atypical urban rebels stands guard.
 
September 21, 2006
The Indypendent
   Mexican Leftist to Lead “Government in Resistance” -- On July 29, Antonia Acevedo Perez, 59, locked up the Star Eatery – a lunch stand outside a popular market in Oaxaca City – and left for the nation’s capital. She was among tens of thousands who left their homes and jobs in rural Mexico not to head to the border or seek employment in bigger cities, but to defend their votes. On July 30, in what became the largest political mobilization in the country’s history, more than two million people took to the streets of Mexico City to demand a vote-by-vote recount of the 41 million ballots cast in the July 2 presidential election.
 
September 01, 2006
Left Turn #21
   Atenco: Repression and Resistance -- Since January, the Other Campaign has been winding its way across Mexico listening to stories of resistance and organizing from the underdogs of the left (los de abajo y a la izquierda). Subcomandante Marcos and the caravan of social and political organizations and alternative media reporters that follows him have crisscrossed the country, pulling into Mexico's most marginalized villages and big city slums, setting up tables and tents, and gathering hours of testimony from indigenous people, peasant farmers, students, sex workers, miners, and any and all who have turned away from capitalism and the recurrent, unfulfilled promises of the Mexican political class.
 
September 01, 2006
Z Magazine
   Mass Election Protests in Mexico -- This is a timeline of the 2006 electoral dispute in Mexico.
 
September 01, 2006
Z Magazine Online Volume 19 Number 9
   Mexico's Other Campaign -- “We know that the government is against us,” she says, “and wants to do away with us as indigenous people. So we must build power from below, in our homes, in our families and in our communities.” Those present keep listening, taking notes, clicking photographs. Yet it is impossible to measure the defiance behind her words. She gives no clue that she is risking her life by speaking.
 
August 21, 2006
In These Times
   Teacher Rebellion in Oaxaca -- Thousands of protestors have forced the Oaxaca state government into a bizarre sort of roaming exile, floating between luxury hotels on the outskirts of the capital. Governor Ulises Ruiz Ortiz worked from the guarded Hacienda Los Laureles Hotel before he went underground. No one knows where he is now. The dispossessed state senators declared the elite Hotel Misión San Felipe as its “alternate headquarters,” only to be booted after protesters warned the hotel management that they would “peacefully take over the hotel” if the senators were allowed to hold sessions there.
 
August 16, 2006
ZNet
   Pistol Policy -- Organizations and citizens across Oaxaca formed the APPO shortly after the governor, Ulises Ruiz Ortiz’s (Institutional Revolutionary Party) failed June 14 raid on a teachers’ encampment in downtown Oaxaca City. The teachers had been camping out, on strike, since May 22. The APPO united the teachers’ union and a broad swath of political and social organizations to demand the immediate renunciation or destitution of Ulises Ruiz. The APPO led massive marches with up to half a million people in attendance before deciding to step up their civil disobedience tactics on July 26 by shutting down all branches of the state government, setting up encampments around government office buildings. On August 1, some 3000 women led a women’s only march through town that led to the unarmed take over of the state television and radio corporation, CORTV. APPO’s explicit strategy is to generate “ungovernability” (ingobernabilidad) to force Ulises Ruiz’s exit from office.
 
August 13, 2006
Left Turn
   Guerrilla Media: Women take over the TV in Oaxaca -- In many parts of the world being a reporter allows one a respected and even an envied position in society. Not here. Protestors with the Oaxaca People’s Assembly (APPO by its Spanish initials) aggressively confront reporters with icy looks of distrust. They demand to see press credentials and chase off correspondents from the national television networks before they can even turn on their cameras. During marches, they shout by the thousands: press, if you have any dignity, tell the truth.
 
August 07, 2006
ZNet
   Designer Uprising -- Mexico City is in the grip of a designer uprising, a massive civil disobedience campaign organized by a national political party—the Party of the Democratic Revolution, or PRD—and involving thousands of grassroots citizens. The movement could be best described as a hybrid between a political renaissance festival and a left wing protest, something like a Green Party Lallapalooza in front of the White House.
 
August 04, 2006
ZNet/Global Exchange
   Scenes from the Oaxaca Rebellion -- On Tuesday, August 1, about 3,000 women marched through downtown Oaxaca City banging metal pots and pans in an oddly melodious cacophony that served as the background for their chants demanding the ousting of governor Ulises Ruiz. They stopped by a hotel where state senators are rumored to hold sessions (the state legislative building has been surrounded by protestors for over a week) and taped black ribbons on the closed doors before pelting the glass panes with raw eggs. There was not a security guard or a uniformed police officer in sight.
 
July 20, 2006
Narco News
   Time and Urgency: Reflections on the Politics of Listening in the Other Campaign -- Many of the criticisms leveled against the Other Campaign can be attributed to the failure or the refusal to take seriously the goal of the campaign’s first phase: listening.
 
July 08, 2006
Upside Down world
   Mexican Elections Mired in Anomalies -- In a divided country, divided opinion comes as little surprise and depending on whom one speaks with, the election was either the cleanest in Mexican history, or victim of the biggest fraud since 1988 when the ruling party staged a bogus computer breakdown to justify turning the election results inside out.
 
June 24, 2006
ZNet/Global Exchange
   The Orphans of July Third -- When the Zapatistas launched the Other Campaign in San Cristobal de Las Casas on January 1, 2006—exactly twelve years after they took that city by force—they made clear that the stakes would be high. Now, after four months on the road, four hundred Other Campaign meetings held across twenty states, and two hundred and twenty political prisoners taken during the brutal police raid on San Salvador Atenco on the morning of May 4, the Zapatistas have cast their “everything” against the most sacrosanct day of the Mexican political calendar: election day.
 
April 29, 2006
ZNet/Global Exchange
   No Choice for Migrants -- Much of the current immigration debate is founded on a deep and arrogant mistake: the belief that hundreds of thousands of people, mostly Mexicans, cross undocumented into the United States each year in search of a better life. This view tells us that men, women, and children risk their lives crossing the United States-Mexico border because they have chosen to seek out something better.
 
April 05, 2006
ZNet/Global Exchange
   Water Fight -- In Mexican water politics, poverty is good business. Eleven million people here live without access to potable water and another 25 million live in villages and cities with taps that run as little as a few hours a week. Most of those who do have in-door plumbing and supposedly potable water do not drink it. This all makes Mexico a $32 billion a year market for bottled water companies like Coca Cola and Nestle.
 
March 14, 2006
ZNet/Global Exchange
   Maquila Violence in Mexico -- On February 14, the day sub-comandante Marcos arrived in the city of Puebla as part of his six-month journey across the country to listen to the voices of the underdogs of the Mexican left, the national newspaper La Jornada carried on its front page the most convincing advertisement for the Zapatistas' Other Campaign to appear in print.
 
February 28, 2006
Oaxaca
   Notes from the Other Oaxaca -- Marcos proposed forming a statewide coalition in Oaxaca to ignite a national movement for the freedom of political prisoners. “The push for freeing political prisoners needs to come from Oaxaca,” Marcos said. “Let us make a national call to everyone in the Other Campaign to mobilize, demanding liberty for all and the cancellation of all the arrest warrants” against social justice activists.
 
February 13, 2006
ZNet/Global Exchange
   Who's Not Listening? -- The Los Angeles Times article “Masked Marxist, With Marimbas” (January 23, 2006) describes the Zapatistas’ Other Campaign like a bizarre provincial circus. By excluding information, using delegitimizing descriptive terms, and creating inaccurate and false characterizations, the Los Angeles Times reporters and editors strip the politics from the Other Campaign and convert it into a cartoonish spectacle.
 
February 05, 2006
ZNet/Global Exchange
   The Politics of Listening -- In the city of Campeche, under the slow-turning ceiling fans of a converted carport behind a pastry shop, 66-year old Emiliano Centurron picked up a microphone for the first time. He stood between a crowd of 200 people packed under the shade, fanning themselves with pamphlets and newspapers, and Subcomandante Marcos, who sat facing the crowd, hunched over a notebook crammed with writing. Dozens of photographers clumped at the edges of the crowd and down the center aisle. Centurron held the microphone a few inches from his face and, in steady language colored with well-placed expletives, told his story.
 
January 22, 2006
ZNet/Global Exchange
   Who’s Listening? -- On the periphery of the Marcos media orbit one finds a different breed of cameraman, one who stands on the roadside as the caravan passes through truck stops and small towns, one who leans against walls and telephone poles across the street from the offices and houses where Other Campaign meetings are held. These cameramen are orejas (literally, “ears” in Spanish); they are spies for the government, political parties, and local businessmen and power brokers.
 
January 18, 2006
Common Dreams/Global Exchange
   The First Dispatch -- At the opening of the 2006 presidential campaigns in Mexico, one man stands out in front. He faces crowds of thousands in downtown plazas and town-hall meetings. He makes three stops a day, traveling up to eight hours in the backseat of a long, white van trailed by a caravan of over thirty cars. Scores of reporters and photographers from the national press corps follow him in a swarm of cameras and microphones held high.
 


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